An example of what a minimum to survive would cost. Assume that everyone in the bottom 60% will use it, which some won't or won't use it all, that's around 186,000,000 people with household incomes that go from 0 and max at around sixty or seventy thousand or so. This example is under a trillion dollars.

139,500,000 over 18 @ $6300/year = $878,850,000,000
housing 200/mth
food 150/mth
utility 75/mth
necessities 50/mth
miscellaneous 50/mth

46,500,000 under 18 @ $2400/year = $111,600,000,000
food 100/mth
necessities 50/mth
miscellaneous 50/mth

Put this on a national id card to be used whenever, every citizen gets one. The card can have multiple uses, voting, medical, consumer, etc related uses, and should be free and easily obtained at any time. If you aren't a citizen, you don't get a card. Again, this is an example, any additions should go into the miscellaneous category for more flexibility.

There would be some fluctuation, but we can get rid of welfare and stop qualifying and criminalizing our citizens. Spend another trillion on uhc and 2 year college or trade schools and run the military and government on the other trillion, easy 3 trillion dollar budget. Any way you look at it we're already spending the money and it's doing less good. Less for kids means most will use the uhc until they're ready for kids. It also encourages couples to stay together. Those numbers are for a single person, a family of 4 would get 1450/mth, people could pool and live/eat together, you get the idea. Something that may also be good to add is a $10/year bump every year you're in the military. The amounts are to keep the example under a trillion, i would increase them.

A 5 year wealth tax at 3%/year should be instituted to go specifically toward debt reduction. Change the tax rates to something like this to begin with for the budget. The minimum will be paid for with the revenue from the new top bracket. Few deductions and all income is regular income, everyone will also file single. When surpluses are reached revisit the tax rates, and never let a right winger worm their way in again:

0 - 34,000 10%
34,000 - 84,000 20%
84,000 - 200,000 30%
200,000 - 1,000,000 40%
1,000,000 + 50%

Whatever is over budget pay toward the debt until it's paid down.